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When San Francisco was destroyed by fire in 1906, many people predicted that the city would never be rebuilt. A great number of men and women packed their goods and chattels and hastily bade farewell to the still smoking ruins of a City That Was, firmly believing that destiny had determined that it should remain forever buried in its own ashes. There was another class of men and women who were optimists. They predicted that the city would be rebuilt, but that it would require from twenty to thirty years.
A jolly-looking preacher is Jack, standing erect in his parti-colored pulpit with a sounding-board over his head; but he is a gay deceiver, a wolf in sheep’s clothing, literally a “brother to dragons,” an arrant upstart, an ingrate, a murderer of innocent benefactors! “Female botanizing classes pounce upon it as they would upon a pious young clergyman,” complains Mr. Ellwanger. A poor relation of the stately calla lily one knows Jack to be at a glance, her lovely white robe corresponding to his striped pulpit, her bright yellow spadix to his sleek reverence. In the damp woodlands where his pulpit is erected beneath leafy cathedral arches, minute flies or gnats, recently emerged from maggots in mushrooms, toadstools, or decaying logs, form the main part of his congregation.
Sku: wildflowers02
In the descriptive ballad which follows, it will be evident that I have endeavoured to preserve the style of a gossip, and to transmit the memorial of a custom, the extent or antiquity of which I am not acquainted with, and pretend not to enquire. In Suffolk husbandry the man who, (whether by merit or by sufferance I know not) goes foremost through the harvest with the scythe or the sickle, is honoured with the title of “_Lord_,” and at the Horkey, or harvest-home feast, collects what he can, for himself and brethren, from the farmers and visitors, to make a “frolick” afterwards, called “the largess spending.” By way of returning thanks, though perhaps formerly of much more, or of different signification, they immediately leave the seat of festivity, and with a very long and repeated shout of “a largess,” the number of shouts being regulated by the sums given, seem to wish to make themselves heard by the people of the surrounding farms. And before they rejoin the company within, the pranks and the jollity I have endeavoured to describe, usually take place. These customs, I believe, are going fast out of use; which is one great reason for my trying to tell the rising race of mankind that such were the customs when I was a boy.
Sku: wildflowers
Watermelon (Citrullus lantatus) belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae which includes squash, pumpkin and cucumber. It is a popular dessert vegetable, with year round availability. Watermelons vary in shape; from globular to oblong. External rind colour varies from light to dark green and may be solid, striped or marbled. The pulp colour of most commercial varieties is red. The fruit is generally eaten raw. Watermelon has a very high water content (93 ml/ 100g edible portion). It contains carbohydrates (5mg), calcium (8mg), phosphorous (9 mg), ascorbic acid (8 mg) and vitamins (0.64 g) per 100 g of edible portion.
Sku: watermelon01
This tomato is believed to have its origin in the Peru-Ecuador areas from where it spread as a weed throughout many parts of tropical America and then domesticated in Mexico. It was introduced into Europe early in the sixteen-century and the United States of America two centuries later. Tomato belongs to the family Solanaceae and its scientific name is Lycopersicon esculentum. Tomatoes can be considered one of the most important vegetables. The fruits can be cooked or eaten raw. Additionally, this vegetable is used extensively in the canning industry in the production juices, sauces, ketchup and paste
Sku: tomato
It is now fifty years since the celebrated Stillingfleet observed, “that it was surprising to see how long mankind had neglected to make a proper advantage of plants, of so much importance to agriculture as the Grasses, which are in all countries the principal food of cattle.” The farmer, for want of distinguishing and selecting the best kinds, fills his pastures either with weeds or improper plants, when by making a right choice he would not only procure a more abundant crop from his land, but have a produce more nourishing for his flock. One would therefore naturally wonder, after this truth has been so long published, and that in an age when agriculture and the arts have so much improved, that Select Seeds of this tribe of plants are scarcely to be produced.
Sku: botanistscompanion
The general design of the following sheets is to inlist Imagination under the banner of Science, and to lead her votaries from the looser analogies, which dress out the imagery of poetry, to the stricter ones, which form the ratiocination of philosophy. While their particular design is to induce the ingenious to cultivate the knowledge of BOTANY; by introducing them to the vestibule of that delightful science, and recommending to their attention the immortal works of the Swedish Naturalist LINNEUS. In the first Poem, or Economy of Vegetation, the physiology of Plants is delivered; and the operation of the Elements, as far as they may be supposed to affect the growth of Vegetables. But the publication of this part is deferred to another year, for the purpose of repeating some experiments on vegetation, mentioned in the notes.
Sku: botanicgarden02
The general design of the following sheets is to inlist Imagination under the banner of Science; and to lead her votaries from the looser analogies, which dress out the imagery of poetry, to the stricter, ones which form the ratiocination of philosophy. While their particular design is to induce the ingenious to cultivate the knowledge of Botany, by introducing them to the vestibule of that delightful science, and recommending to their attention the immortal works of the celebrated Swedish Naturalist, LINNEUS. In the first Poem, or Economy of Vegetation, the physiology of Plants is delivered; and the operation of the Elements, as far as they may be supposed to affect the growth of Vegetables.
Sku: botanicgarden01
The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. (LamK) seemed to have originated in Tropical America, but, the exact location is not known. This crop is now grown throughout the tropics for its edible tubers, which are an important food source in many countries. Guyana is one of the tropical countries in which sweet potato is cultivated. The Regions of highest production in Guyana, are Regions 3, 4, and 9, but it is also grown in Regions 2, 5 and 6. Sweet potato is primarily used as food. Generally it is consumed directly- the main type of preparation being boiling, baking or frying. In processed form, the tubers can be prepared in many ways for human consumption (canned, frozen, dehydrated or made into flour or starch). For industrial uses, the tuber is a source of starch, glucose, syrup, vinegar and alcohol. The tuber and plant tops are also a source of animal feed. The tuber is fed directly or in processed form and the leaves are fed to livestock as fresh fodder or in the form of silage.
Sku: sweetpotato
Cucurbita maxima (pumpkin) is believed to have originated in South America, while the other species became differentiated in the southern U.S.A, Mexico and Central America. Pumpkins are now grown all over the world with the exception of Antarctica. Pumpkin belongs to the Cucurbitacae family, which includes cucumber, melon and squash. Within this family is the genus Cucurbita which includes all varieties of pumpkin. Pumpkin plants are hardy creepers or soil surface runners, but able to climb where there are supports. The fruits vary in shape, colour and sizes. They are monoecious and can be bred from pure lines. Pumpkins are cultivated for their ripe fruit with the seeds in the central cavity and the yellow or orange flesh being eaten. Pumpkin contains an important antioxidant, beta-carotene, which is converted to vitamin A in the body. In the conversion to vitamin A, beta-carotene performs many important functions in overhall health. Research suggests that pumpkin seeds have unique nutritional and health benefits.
Sku: pampkin
What is Botany? The pupils are very apt to say at first that it is learning about _flowers_. The teacher can draw their attention to the fact that flowers are only a part of the plant, and that Botany is also the study of the leaves, the stem, and the root. Botany is the science of _plants_. Ask them what the Geranium is. Tell them to name some other plants. The teacher should keep a few growing plants in the schoolroom for purposes of illustration.Ask them what else there is in the world besides plants. By this question the three kingdoms, animal, vegetable, and mineral, are brought up. It will give occasion for a discussion of the earth and what it contains, the mountains, formed of rocks and soil,
Sku: lessonsinbotany
Do you know what really happens when things rot? Have other garden books confused you with vague meanings for words like “stabilized humus?” This book won’t. Are you afraid that compost making is a nasty, unpleasant, or difficult process? It isn’t. A compost pile is actually a fast-track method of changing crude organic materials into something resembling soil, called humus. But the word “humus” is often misunderstood, along with the words “compost,” and “organic matter.” And when fundamental ideas like these are not really defined in a person’s mind, the whole subject they are a part of may be confused. So this chapter will clarify these basics. Compost making is a simple process. Done properly it becomes a natural part of your gardening or yard maintenance activities, as much so as mowing the lawn. And making compost does not have to take any more effort than bagging up yard waste.
Sku: organiccomposting
I wish to plant fruit trees on a sandy mesa well protected from winds about a mile from the coast. The soil is a light sandy loam. I intend to dig the holes for the trees this fall, each hole the shape of an inverted cone, about 4 feet deep and 5 feet across, and put a half-load of rotten stable manure in each hole this fall. The winter’s rains would wash a large amount of plant food from this manure into the ground. In March I propose to plant the trees, shoveling the surrounding soil on top of the manure and giving a copious watering to ensure the compact settling of the soil about and below the roots. The roots would be about a foot above the manure.
Contents Part I. Fruit Growing Part II. Vegetable Growing Part III. Grain and Forage Crops Part IV. Soils, Irrigation, and Fertilizers Part V. Live Stock and Dairy Part VI. Feeding Animals Part VII. Diseases of Animals Part VIII. Poultry Keeping Part IX. Pests and Diseases of Plants Part X. Index
Sku: questionsanswered
In the fall of 1890 Dr. George Vasey, then Botanist of the Department of Agriculture, arranged with me to prepare a revision of North American Cactaceae. Owing to the peculiar difficulty of preserving material the family was poorly represented, even in our leading herbaria. To secure a large amount of additional material in the way of specimens and field notes the Department authorized me to visit the region of the Mexican boundary during the summer of 1891. Preliminary to this exploration it was necessary to examine the Engelmann collection of Cactaceae, in the possession of the Missouri Botanical Garden.
Sku: northamericanspecies
Wherever there is soil, plants grow and produce their kind, and all plants are interesting; when a person makes a choice as to what plants he shall grow in any given place, he becomes a gardener or a farmer; and if the conditions are such that he cannot make a choice, he may adopt the plants that grow there by nature, and by making the most of them may still be a gardener or a farmer in some degree. Every family, therefore, may have a garden. If there is not a foot of land, there are porches or windows. Wherever there is sunlight, plants may be made to grow; and one plant in a tin-can may be a more helpful and inspiring garden to some mind than a whole acre of lawn and flowers may be to another.The satisfaction of a garden does not depend on the area, nor, happily, on the cost or rarity of the plants. It depends on the temper of the person. One must first seek to love plants and nature, and then to cultivate the happy peace of mind that is satisfied with little.
Sku: manualgardening
Papaya (Carica papaya) is a quick growing perennial tree-like plant that is fast becoming a major crop in Guyana with huge potentials for export.. It is a popular fruit in Guyana available throughout the year. Hybrid papaya trees begin to produce fruits within nine months after transplanting depending on the cultivar, production practices and weather conditions.
Sku: hybridpapaya
Formerly it was the custom for gardeners to invest their labors and achievements with a mystery and secrecy which might well have discouraged any amateur from trespassing upon such difficult ground. “Trade secrets” in either flower or vegetable growing were acquired by the apprentice only through practice and observation, and in turn jealously guarded by him until passed on to some younger brother in the profession. Every garden operation was made to seem a wonderful and difficult undertaking. Now, all that has changed. In fact the pendulum has swung, as it usually does, to the other extreme. Often, if you are a beginner, you have been flatteringly told in print that you could from the beginning do just as well as the experienced gardener.
CONTENTS
I INTRODUCTION II WHY YOU SHOULD GARDEN III REQUISITES OF THE HOME VEGETABLE GARDEN IV THE PLANTING PLAN V IMPLEMENTS AND THEIR USES VI MANURES AND FERTILIZERS VII THE SOIL AND ITS PREPARATION PART TWO–VEGETABLES VIII STARTING THE PLANTS IX SOWING AND PLANTING X THE CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES XI THE VEGETABLES AND THEIR SPECIAL NEEDS XII BEST VARIETIES OF THE GARDEN VEGETABLES XIII INSECTS AND DISEASE, AND METHODS OF FIGHTING THEM XIV HARVESTING AND STORING PART THREE–FRUITS XV THE VARIETIES OF POME AND STONE FRUITS XVI PLANTING; CULTIVATION; FILLER CROPS XVII PRUNING, SPRAYING, HARVESTING XVIII BERRIES AND SMALL FRUITS XIX A CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS XX CONCLUSION
Sku: vegetablegardening
First, you should know why a maritime Northwest raised-bed gardener named Steve Solomon became worried about his dependence on irrigation. I’m from Michigan. I moved to Lorane, Oregon, in April 1978 and homesteaded on 5 acres in what I thought at the time was a cool, showery green valley of liquid sunshine and rainbows. I intended to put in a big garden and grow as much of my own food as possible. Two months later, in June, just as my garden began needing water, my so-called 15-gallon-per-minute well began to falter, yielding less and less with each passing week. By August it delivered about 3 gallons per minute. Fortunately, I wasn’t faced with a completely dry well or one that had shrunk to below 1 gallon per minute, as I soon discovered many of my neighbors were cursed with. Three gallons per minute won’t supply a fan nozzle or even a common impulse sprinkler.
Sku: gardeningirrigation01
Abelia.–Very ornamental evergreen shrubs, bearing tubular, funnel-shaped flowers. They succeed in any ordinary soil if the situation is warm and sheltered, and are readily raised by cuttings. Height, 3 ft. to 4 ft. Abies _(Spruce Firs)_.–Among these ornamental conifers mention may be made of the beautiful Japanese Spruce Ajanensis, which grows freely in most soils and has dual-coloured leaves–dark green on the upper surface and silvery white underneath; this makes a grand single specimen anywhere. The White Spruce (_Abies Alba Glauca_) is a rapid grower, but while it is small makes a lovely show in the border; it prefers a moist situation. Of the slow-growing and dwarf varieties Gregorii is a favourite. The Caerulea, or Blue Spruce, is also very beautiful. Clanbrasiliana is a good lawn shrub, never exceeding 4 ft. in height. The Pigmy Spruce (_A. Pygmea_) is the smallest of all firs, only attaining the height of 1 ft. Any of these may be increased by cuttings.
Sku: gardeningformillion
A taste for floriculture is spreading amongst Anglo-Indians. It is a good sign. It would be gratifying to learn that the same refining taste had reached the Natives also–even the lower classes of them. It is a cheap enjoyment. A mere palm of ground may be glorified by a few radiant blossoms. A single clay jar of the rudest form may be so enriched and beautified with leaves and blossoms as to fascinate the eye of taste. An old basket, with a broken tile at the top of it, and the root of the acanthus within, produced an effect which seemed to Calimachus, the architect, “the work of the Graces.” It suggested the idea of the capital of the Corinthian column, the most elegant architectural ornament that Art has yet conceived. Flowers are the poor man’s luxury; a refinement for the uneducated. It has been prettily said that the melody of birds is the poor man’s music, and that flowers are the poor man’s poetry.
Sku: flower-gardens
LIFE-SKETCH: Birth-place–The Forest (a poem)–Conviction of sin–Baptism and Resolutions–Experience–Diary notes in verse–Sufferings–Last poem– The One Name and The Adieu (poetry)–Death
RURAL SCENES: The Walk in June. An Evening Meditation. Nature’s Resurrection. The Bird’s Nest. Gather Violets. To a Dandelion. To a Robin. God is There. The Canadian Farmer. The Return. The Old Sugar-Camp. To a Rabbit. The Old Man. The Fading and the Unfading (prose). On Receipt of some Wild Flowers. The Sick Girl’s Dream. The Last Song. An Evening Scene. Autumn Teachings (prose). The Watcher.
RURAL SCENES:
The Walk in June. An Evening Meditation. Nature’s Resurrection. The Bird’s Nest. Gather Violets. To a Dandelion. To a Robin. God is There. The Canadian Farmer. The Return. The Old Sugar-Camp. To a Rabbit. The Old Man. The Fading and the Unfading (prose). On Receipt of some Wild Flowers. The Sick Girl’s Dream. The Last Song. An Evening Scene. Autumn Teachings (prose). The Watcher.
Sku: canadianwildflowers
Weary of boarding at seashore and mountain, tired of traveling in search of comfort, hating hotel life, I visited a country friend at Gooseville, Conn. (an assumed name for Foxboro, Mass.), and passed three happy weeks in her peaceful home.
I.- FROM GOTHAM TO GOOSEVILLE II.– AUCTIONS III.- BUYING A HORSE IV.– FOR THOSE WHO LOVE PETS V.– STARTING A POULTRY FARM VI.– GHOSTS VII.- DAILY DISTRACTIONS VIII.- THE PROSE OF NEW ENGLAND FARM LIFE IX.– THE PASSING OF THE PEACOCKS X.– LOOKING BACK
Sku: abandonedfarm
A BOOK OF Fruits & Flowers.
SHEWING The Nature and Use of them, either for Meat or Medicine. AS ALSO: To Preserve, Conserve, Candy, and in Wedges, or Dry them. To make Powders, Civet bagges, all sorts of Sugar-works, turn’d works in Sugar, Hollow, or Frutages; and to Pickell them. _And for Meat._ To make Pyes, Biscat, Maid Dishes, Marchpanes, Leeches, and Snow, Craknels, Caudels, Cakes, Broths, Fritter-stuffe, Puddings, Tarts, Syrupes, and Sallets.
Sku: fruitsandflowers
Comprehensive history of Charles Darwin’s knowledge on flower types. Showing his knowledge of the world around him in great detail.
INTRODUCTION. CHAPTER I. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS: PRIMULACEAE. Primula veris or the cowslip.–Differences in structure between the two forms.– Their degrees of fertility when legitimately and illegitimately united.–P. elatior, vulgaris, Sinensis, auricula, etc.–Summary on the fertility of the heterostyled species of Primula.–Homostyled species of Primula.–Hottonia palustris.–Androsace vitalliana. CHAPTER II. HYBRID PRIMULAS. The oxlip a hybrid naturally produced between Primula veris and vulgaris.–The differences in structure and function between the two parent-species.–Effects of crossing long-styled and short-styled oxlips with one another and with the two forms of both parent-species.–Character of the offspring from oxlips artificially self-fertilised and cross-fertilised in a state of nature.–Primula elatior shown to be a distinct species.–Hybrids between other heterostyled species of Primula.–Supplementary note on spontaneously produced hybrids in the genus Verbascum. CHAPTER III. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS–continued. Linum grandiflorum, long-styled form utterly sterile with own-form pollen.– Linum perenne, torsion of the pistils in the long-styled form alone.–Homostyled species of Linum.–Pulmonaria officinalis, singular difference in self-fertility between the English and German long-styled plants.–Pulmonaria angustifolia shown to be a distinct species, long-styled form completely self-sterile.– Polygonum fagopyrum.–Various other heterostyled genera.–Rubiaceae.–Mitchella repens, fertility of the flowers in pairs.–Houstonia.–Faramea, remarkable difference in the pollen-grains of the two forms; torsion of the stamens in the short-styled form alone; development not as yet perfect.–The heterostyled structure in the several Rubiaceous genera not due to descent in common. CHAPTER IV. HETEROSTYLED TRIMORPHIC PLANTS. Lythrum salicaria.–Description of the three forms.–Their power and complex manner of fertilising one another.–Eighteen different unions possible.–Mid- styled form eminently feminine in nature.–Lythrum Graefferi likewise trimorphic.–L. hymifolia dimorphic.–L. hyssopifolia homostyled.–Nesaea verticillata trimorphic.–Lagerstroemia, nature doubtful.–Oxalis, trimorphic species of.–O. Valdiviana.–O. Regnelli, the illegitimate unions quite barren.- -O. speciosa.–O. sensitiva.–Homostyled species of Oxalis.–Pontederia, the one monocotyledonous genus known to include heterostyled species. CHAPTER V. ILLEGITIMATE OFFSPRING OF HETEROSTYLED PLANTS. Illegitimate offspring from all three forms of Lythrum salicaria.–Their dwarfed stature and sterility, some utterly barren, some fertile.–Oxalis, transmission of form to the legitimate and illegitimate seedlings.–Primula Sinensis, illegitimate offspring in some degree dwarfed and infertile.–Equal-styled varieties of P. Sinensis, auricula, farinosa, and elatior.–P. vulgaris, red- flowered variety, illegitimate seedlings sterile.–P. veris, illegitimate plants raised during several successive generations, their dwarfed stature and sterility.–Equal-styled varieties of P. veris.–Transmission of form by Pulmonaria and Polygonum.–Concluding remarks.–Close parallelism between illegitimate fertilisation and hybridism. CHAPTER VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS ON HETEROSTYLED PLANTS. The essential character of heterostyled plants.–Summary of the differences in fertility between legitimately and illegitimately fertilised plants.–Diameter of the pollen-grains, size of anthers and structure of stigma in the different forms.–Affinities of the genera which include heterostyled species.–Nature of the advantages derived from heterostylism.–The means by which plants became heterostyled.–Transmissionplants.–Final remarks. POLYGAMOUS, DIOECIOUS, AND GYNO-DIOECIOUS PLANTS. The conversion in various ways of hermaphrodite into dioecious plants.– Heterostyled plants rendered dioecious.–Rubiaceae.–Verbenaceae.–Polygamous and sub-dioecious plants.–Euonymus.–Fragaria.–The two sub-forms of both sexes of Rhamnus and Epigaea.–Ilex.–Gyno-dioecious plants.–Thymus, difference in fertility of the hermaphrodite and female individuals.–Satureia.–Manner in which the two forms probably originated.–Scabiosa and other gyno-dioecious plants.–Difference in the size of the corolla in the forms of polygamous, dioecious, and gyno-dioecious plants. CHAPTER VIII. CLEISTOGAMIC FLOWERS. General character of cleistogamic flowers.–List of the genera producing such flowers, and their distribution in the vegetable series.–Viola, description of the cleistogamic flowers in the several species; their fertility compared with that of the perfect flowers.–Oxalis acetosella.–O. sensitiva, three forms of cleistogamic flowers.–Vandellia.–Ononis.–Impatiens.–Drosera.–Miscellaneous observations on various other cleistogamic plants.–Anemophilous species producing cleistogamic flowers.–Leersia, perfect flowers rarely developed.– Summary and concluding remarks on the origin of cleistogamic flowers. –The chconclusions which may be drawn from the observations in this volume.
INTRODUCTION.
CHAPTER I. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS: PRIMULACEAE.
Primula veris or the cowslip.–Differences in structure between the two forms.– Their degrees of fertility when legitimately and illegitimately united.–P. elatior, vulgaris, Sinensis, auricula, etc.–Summary on the fertility of the heterostyled species of Primula.–Homostyled species of Primula.–Hottonia palustris.–Androsace vitalliana.
CHAPTER II. HYBRID PRIMULAS.
The oxlip a hybrid naturally produced between Primula veris and vulgaris.–The differences in structure and function between the two parent-species.–Effects of crossing long-styled and short-styled oxlips with one another and with the two forms of both parent-species.–Character of the offspring from oxlips artificially self-fertilised and cross-fertilised in a state of nature.–Primula elatior shown to be a distinct species.–Hybrids between other heterostyled species of Primula.–Supplementary note on spontaneously produced hybrids in the genus Verbascum. CHAPTER III. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS–continued.
Linum grandiflorum, long-styled form utterly sterile with own-form pollen.– Linum perenne, torsion of the pistils in the long-styled form alone.–Homostyled species of Linum.–Pulmonaria officinalis, singular difference in self-fertility between the English and German long-styled plants.–Pulmonaria angustifolia shown to be a distinct species, long-styled form completely self-sterile.– Polygonum fagopyrum.–Various other heterostyled genera.–Rubiaceae.–Mitchella repens, fertility of the flowers in pairs.–Houstonia.–Faramea, remarkable difference in the pollen-grains of the two forms; torsion of the stamens in the short-styled form alone; development not as yet perfect.–The heterostyled structure in the several Rubiaceous genera not due to descent in common.
CHAPTER IV. HETEROSTYLED TRIMORPHIC PLANTS.
Lythrum salicaria.–Description of the three forms.–Their power and complex manner of fertilising one another.–Eighteen different unions possible.–Mid- styled form eminently feminine in nature.–Lythrum Graefferi likewise trimorphic.–L. hymifolia dimorphic.–L. hyssopifolia homostyled.–Nesaea verticillata trimorphic.–Lagerstroemia, nature doubtful.–Oxalis, trimorphic species of.–O. Valdiviana.–O. Regnelli, the illegitimate unions quite barren.- -O. speciosa.–O. sensitiva.–Homostyled species of Oxalis.–Pontederia, the one monocotyledonous genus known to include heterostyled species.
CHAPTER V. ILLEGITIMATE OFFSPRING OF HETEROSTYLED PLANTS.
Illegitimate offspring from all three forms of Lythrum salicaria.–Their dwarfed stature and sterility, some utterly barren, some fertile.–Oxalis, transmission of form to the legitimate and illegitimate seedlings.–Primula Sinensis, illegitimate offspring in some degree dwarfed and infertile.–Equal-styled varieties of P. Sinensis, auricula, farinosa, and elatior.–P. vulgaris, red- flowered variety, illegitimate seedlings sterile.–P. veris, illegitimate plants raised during several successive generations, their dwarfed stature and sterility.–Equal-styled varieties of P. veris.–Transmission of form by Pulmonaria and Polygonum.–Concluding remarks.–Close parallelism between illegitimate fertilisation and hybridism.
CHAPTER VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS ON HETEROSTYLED PLANTS.
The essential character of heterostyled plants.–Summary of the differences in fertility between legitimately and illegitimately fertilised plants.–Diameter of the pollen-grains, size of anthers and structure of stigma in the different forms.–Affinities of the genera which include heterostyled species.–Nature of the advantages derived from heterostylism.–The means by which plants became heterostyled.–Transmissionplants.–Final remarks.
POLYGAMOUS, DIOECIOUS, AND GYNO-DIOECIOUS PLANTS.
The conversion in various ways of hermaphrodite into dioecious plants.– Heterostyled plants rendered dioecious.–Rubiaceae.–Verbenaceae.–Polygamous and sub-dioecious plants.–Euonymus.–Fragaria.–The two sub-forms of both sexes of Rhamnus and Epigaea.–Ilex.–Gyno-dioecious plants.–Thymus, difference in fertility of the hermaphrodite and female individuals.–Satureia.–Manner in which the two forms probably originated.–Scabiosa and other gyno-dioecious plants.–Difference in the size of the corolla in the forms of polygamous, dioecious, and gyno-dioecious plants.
CHAPTER VIII. CLEISTOGAMIC FLOWERS.
General character of cleistogamic flowers.–List of the genera producing such flowers, and their distribution in the vegetable series.–Viola, description of the cleistogamic flowers in the several species; their fertility compared with that of the perfect flowers.–Oxalis acetosella.–O. sensitiva, three forms of cleistogamic flowers.–Vandellia.–Ononis.–Impatiens.–Drosera.–Miscellaneous observations on various other cleistogamic plants.–Anemophilous species producing cleistogamic flowers.–Leersia, perfect flowers rarely developed.– Summary and concluding remarks on the origin of cleistogamic flowers.
–The chconclusions which may be drawn from the observations in this volume.
Sku: FlowDarwn
Full & comprehensive gardening guide to seeding, grafting, planting, and garden management.
And more…
Sku: AmericanGardener