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Comprehensive history of Charles Darwin’s knowledge on flower types. Showing his knowledge of the world around him in great detail.
INTRODUCTION. CHAPTER I. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS: PRIMULACEAE. Primula veris or the cowslip.–Differences in structure between the two forms.– Their degrees of fertility when legitimately and illegitimately united.–P. elatior, vulgaris, Sinensis, auricula, etc.–Summary on the fertility of the heterostyled species of Primula.–Homostyled species of Primula.–Hottonia palustris.–Androsace vitalliana. CHAPTER II. HYBRID PRIMULAS. The oxlip a hybrid naturally produced between Primula veris and vulgaris.–The differences in structure and function between the two parent-species.–Effects of crossing long-styled and short-styled oxlips with one another and with the two forms of both parent-species.–Character of the offspring from oxlips artificially self-fertilised and cross-fertilised in a state of nature.–Primula elatior shown to be a distinct species.–Hybrids between other heterostyled species of Primula.–Supplementary note on spontaneously produced hybrids in the genus Verbascum. CHAPTER III. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS–continued. Linum grandiflorum, long-styled form utterly sterile with own-form pollen.– Linum perenne, torsion of the pistils in the long-styled form alone.–Homostyled species of Linum.–Pulmonaria officinalis, singular difference in self-fertility between the English and German long-styled plants.–Pulmonaria angustifolia shown to be a distinct species, long-styled form completely self-sterile.– Polygonum fagopyrum.–Various other heterostyled genera.–Rubiaceae.–Mitchella repens, fertility of the flowers in pairs.–Houstonia.–Faramea, remarkable difference in the pollen-grains of the two forms; torsion of the stamens in the short-styled form alone; development not as yet perfect.–The heterostyled structure in the several Rubiaceous genera not due to descent in common. CHAPTER IV. HETEROSTYLED TRIMORPHIC PLANTS. Lythrum salicaria.–Description of the three forms.–Their power and complex manner of fertilising one another.–Eighteen different unions possible.–Mid- styled form eminently feminine in nature.–Lythrum Graefferi likewise trimorphic.–L. hymifolia dimorphic.–L. hyssopifolia homostyled.–Nesaea verticillata trimorphic.–Lagerstroemia, nature doubtful.–Oxalis, trimorphic species of.–O. Valdiviana.–O. Regnelli, the illegitimate unions quite barren.- -O. speciosa.–O. sensitiva.–Homostyled species of Oxalis.–Pontederia, the one monocotyledonous genus known to include heterostyled species. CHAPTER V. ILLEGITIMATE OFFSPRING OF HETEROSTYLED PLANTS. Illegitimate offspring from all three forms of Lythrum salicaria.–Their dwarfed stature and sterility, some utterly barren, some fertile.–Oxalis, transmission of form to the legitimate and illegitimate seedlings.–Primula Sinensis, illegitimate offspring in some degree dwarfed and infertile.–Equal-styled varieties of P. Sinensis, auricula, farinosa, and elatior.–P. vulgaris, red- flowered variety, illegitimate seedlings sterile.–P. veris, illegitimate plants raised during several successive generations, their dwarfed stature and sterility.–Equal-styled varieties of P. veris.–Transmission of form by Pulmonaria and Polygonum.–Concluding remarks.–Close parallelism between illegitimate fertilisation and hybridism. CHAPTER VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS ON HETEROSTYLED PLANTS. The essential character of heterostyled plants.–Summary of the differences in fertility between legitimately and illegitimately fertilised plants.–Diameter of the pollen-grains, size of anthers and structure of stigma in the different forms.–Affinities of the genera which include heterostyled species.–Nature of the advantages derived from heterostylism.–The means by which plants became heterostyled.–Transmissionplants.–Final remarks. POLYGAMOUS, DIOECIOUS, AND GYNO-DIOECIOUS PLANTS. The conversion in various ways of hermaphrodite into dioecious plants.– Heterostyled plants rendered dioecious.–Rubiaceae.–Verbenaceae.–Polygamous and sub-dioecious plants.–Euonymus.–Fragaria.–The two sub-forms of both sexes of Rhamnus and Epigaea.–Ilex.–Gyno-dioecious plants.–Thymus, difference in fertility of the hermaphrodite and female individuals.–Satureia.–Manner in which the two forms probably originated.–Scabiosa and other gyno-dioecious plants.–Difference in the size of the corolla in the forms of polygamous, dioecious, and gyno-dioecious plants. CHAPTER VIII. CLEISTOGAMIC FLOWERS. General character of cleistogamic flowers.–List of the genera producing such flowers, and their distribution in the vegetable series.–Viola, description of the cleistogamic flowers in the several species; their fertility compared with that of the perfect flowers.–Oxalis acetosella.–O. sensitiva, three forms of cleistogamic flowers.–Vandellia.–Ononis.–Impatiens.–Drosera.–Miscellaneous observations on various other cleistogamic plants.–Anemophilous species producing cleistogamic flowers.–Leersia, perfect flowers rarely developed.– Summary and concluding remarks on the origin of cleistogamic flowers. –The chconclusions which may be drawn from the observations in this volume.
INTRODUCTION.
CHAPTER I. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS: PRIMULACEAE.
Primula veris or the cowslip.–Differences in structure between the two forms.– Their degrees of fertility when legitimately and illegitimately united.–P. elatior, vulgaris, Sinensis, auricula, etc.–Summary on the fertility of the heterostyled species of Primula.–Homostyled species of Primula.–Hottonia palustris.–Androsace vitalliana.
CHAPTER II. HYBRID PRIMULAS.
The oxlip a hybrid naturally produced between Primula veris and vulgaris.–The differences in structure and function between the two parent-species.–Effects of crossing long-styled and short-styled oxlips with one another and with the two forms of both parent-species.–Character of the offspring from oxlips artificially self-fertilised and cross-fertilised in a state of nature.–Primula elatior shown to be a distinct species.–Hybrids between other heterostyled species of Primula.–Supplementary note on spontaneously produced hybrids in the genus Verbascum. CHAPTER III. HETEROSTYLED DIMORPHIC PLANTS–continued.
Linum grandiflorum, long-styled form utterly sterile with own-form pollen.– Linum perenne, torsion of the pistils in the long-styled form alone.–Homostyled species of Linum.–Pulmonaria officinalis, singular difference in self-fertility between the English and German long-styled plants.–Pulmonaria angustifolia shown to be a distinct species, long-styled form completely self-sterile.– Polygonum fagopyrum.–Various other heterostyled genera.–Rubiaceae.–Mitchella repens, fertility of the flowers in pairs.–Houstonia.–Faramea, remarkable difference in the pollen-grains of the two forms; torsion of the stamens in the short-styled form alone; development not as yet perfect.–The heterostyled structure in the several Rubiaceous genera not due to descent in common.
CHAPTER IV. HETEROSTYLED TRIMORPHIC PLANTS.
Lythrum salicaria.–Description of the three forms.–Their power and complex manner of fertilising one another.–Eighteen different unions possible.–Mid- styled form eminently feminine in nature.–Lythrum Graefferi likewise trimorphic.–L. hymifolia dimorphic.–L. hyssopifolia homostyled.–Nesaea verticillata trimorphic.–Lagerstroemia, nature doubtful.–Oxalis, trimorphic species of.–O. Valdiviana.–O. Regnelli, the illegitimate unions quite barren.- -O. speciosa.–O. sensitiva.–Homostyled species of Oxalis.–Pontederia, the one monocotyledonous genus known to include heterostyled species.
CHAPTER V. ILLEGITIMATE OFFSPRING OF HETEROSTYLED PLANTS.
Illegitimate offspring from all three forms of Lythrum salicaria.–Their dwarfed stature and sterility, some utterly barren, some fertile.–Oxalis, transmission of form to the legitimate and illegitimate seedlings.–Primula Sinensis, illegitimate offspring in some degree dwarfed and infertile.–Equal-styled varieties of P. Sinensis, auricula, farinosa, and elatior.–P. vulgaris, red- flowered variety, illegitimate seedlings sterile.–P. veris, illegitimate plants raised during several successive generations, their dwarfed stature and sterility.–Equal-styled varieties of P. veris.–Transmission of form by Pulmonaria and Polygonum.–Concluding remarks.–Close parallelism between illegitimate fertilisation and hybridism.
CHAPTER VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS ON HETEROSTYLED PLANTS.
The essential character of heterostyled plants.–Summary of the differences in fertility between legitimately and illegitimately fertilised plants.–Diameter of the pollen-grains, size of anthers and structure of stigma in the different forms.–Affinities of the genera which include heterostyled species.–Nature of the advantages derived from heterostylism.–The means by which plants became heterostyled.–Transmissionplants.–Final remarks.
POLYGAMOUS, DIOECIOUS, AND GYNO-DIOECIOUS PLANTS.
The conversion in various ways of hermaphrodite into dioecious plants.– Heterostyled plants rendered dioecious.–Rubiaceae.–Verbenaceae.–Polygamous and sub-dioecious plants.–Euonymus.–Fragaria.–The two sub-forms of both sexes of Rhamnus and Epigaea.–Ilex.–Gyno-dioecious plants.–Thymus, difference in fertility of the hermaphrodite and female individuals.–Satureia.–Manner in which the two forms probably originated.–Scabiosa and other gyno-dioecious plants.–Difference in the size of the corolla in the forms of polygamous, dioecious, and gyno-dioecious plants.
CHAPTER VIII. CLEISTOGAMIC FLOWERS.
General character of cleistogamic flowers.–List of the genera producing such flowers, and their distribution in the vegetable series.–Viola, description of the cleistogamic flowers in the several species; their fertility compared with that of the perfect flowers.–Oxalis acetosella.–O. sensitiva, three forms of cleistogamic flowers.–Vandellia.–Ononis.–Impatiens.–Drosera.–Miscellaneous observations on various other cleistogamic plants.–Anemophilous species producing cleistogamic flowers.–Leersia, perfect flowers rarely developed.– Summary and concluding remarks on the origin of cleistogamic flowers.
–The chconclusions which may be drawn from the observations in this volume.
Sku: FlowDarwn
An expose of how to use fruits & flowers.
A BOOK OF Fruits & Flowers. SHEWING The Nature and Use of them, either for Meat or Medicine. AS ALSO: To Preserve, Conserve, Candy, and in Wedges, or Dry them. To make Powders, Civet bagges, all sorts of Sugar-works, turn’d works in Sugar, Hollow, or Frutages; and to Pickell them. And for Meat. To make Pyes, Biscat, Maid Dishes, Marchpanes, Leeches, and Snow, Craknels, Caudels, Cakes, Broths, Fritter-stuffe, Puddings, Tarts, Syrupes, and Sallets. For Medicines. To make all sorts of Poultisses, and Serecloaths for any member swell’d or inflamed, Ointments, Waters for all Wounds, and Cancers, Salves for Aches, to take the Ague out of any place Burning or Scalding; For the stopping of suddain Bleeding, curing the Piles, Ulcers, Ruptures, Coughs, Consumptions, and killing of Warts, to dissolve the Stone, killing the Ring-worme, Emroids, and Dropsie, Paine in the Ears and Teeth, Deafnesse.
A BOOK OF Fruits & Flowers.
SHEWING
The Nature and Use of them, either for Meat or Medicine. AS ALSO:
To Preserve, Conserve, Candy, and in Wedges, or Dry them. To make Powders, Civet bagges, all sorts of Sugar-works, turn’d works in Sugar, Hollow, or Frutages; and to Pickell them.
And for Meat.
To make Pyes, Biscat, Maid Dishes, Marchpanes, Leeches, and Snow, Craknels, Caudels, Cakes, Broths, Fritter-stuffe, Puddings, Tarts, Syrupes, and Sallets.
For Medicines.
To make all sorts of Poultisses, and Serecloaths for any member swell’d or inflamed, Ointments, Waters for all Wounds, and Cancers, Salves for Aches, to take the Ague out of any place Burning or Scalding; For the stopping of suddain Bleeding, curing the Piles, Ulcers, Ruptures, Coughs, Consumptions, and killing of Warts, to dissolve the Stone, killing the Ring-worme, Emroids, and Dropsie, Paine in the Ears and Teeth, Deafnesse.
Sku: FruitFlowers
Full & comprehensive gardening guide to seeding, grafting, planting, and garden management.
And more…
Sku: AmericanGardener
Start of the book
The popularity of the dog as a companion, as a guardian of property, as an assistant in the pursuit of game, and as the object of a pleasurable hobby, has never been so great as it is at the present time. More dogs are kept in this country than ever there formerly were, and they are more skilfully bred, more tenderly treated…
Note: No illustrations, very good breed content Contents CHAPTER 1. General History of the Dog 2. The English Mastiff 3. The Bulldog 4. The St. Bernard 5. The Newfoundland 6. The Great Dane 7. The Dalmatian 8. The Collie 9. The Old English Sheepdog 10. The Chow Chow 11. The Poodle 12. The Schipperke 13. The Bloodhound 14. The Otterhound 15. The Irish Wolfhound 16. The Deerhound 17. The Borzoi, or Russian Wolfhound 18. The Greyhound 19. The Whippet 20. The Foxhound 21. The Harrier and the Beagle 22. The Pointer 23. The Setters 24. The Retrievers 25. The Sporting Spaniel 26. The Basset-Hound 27. The Dachshund 28. The Old Working Terrier 29. The White English Terrier 30. The Black and Tan Terrier 31. The Bull-Terrier 32. The Smooth Fox-Terrier 33. The Wire-Hair Fox-Terrier 34. The Airedale Terrier 35. The Bedlington Terrier 36. The Irish Terrier 37. The Welsh Terrier 38. The Scottish Terrier 39. The West Highland White Terrier 40. The Dandie Dinmont 41. The Skye and Clydesdale Terriers 42. The Yorkshire Terrier 43. The Pomeranian 44. The King Charles Spaniels 45. The Pekinese and Japanese 46. The Maltese Dog and the Pug 47. The Brussels Griffon 48. The Miniature Breeds 49. Practical Management 50. Breeding and Whelping 51. Some Common Ailments of the Dog and their Treatment 52. The Dog and the Law
Sku: dog-breeds
All about you and your dog
Breed information, health & related matters, driving with your dog, and more.
Sku: dogowners
Guide to how to choose, and care for a dog
This is a very popular product. Complete dog owners guide including how to pick a dog breed, how to train the dog, interesting facts about dogs, and training your dog to be the best friend you will ever have.
Introduction
Ah, the humble dog. Furry bearer of unconditional love, affection, companionship – and a rocket-powered babe magnet to boot. You can almost see your new dog right now . . . running in the sun, chasing Frisbees, doing adorable tricks, puking on the rug at 3 a.m., chewing up your entire porno collection, shedding on everything in sight . . . Still want a dog? Then step right up, you’ve come to the right place.
Contents Decide on the best dog for you Prepare for puppies Make sure you can afford it Place to pick a puppy House train your dog Prepare to train, and train your dog basic commands Teach your dog fancy tricks Emergency – swallowed objects
Sku: dog-guide
